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By comparison with controls,patients exhibited significantly low scores on the smell identification test with 15%of patients scoring outside the 95% confidence intervals for controls.The UPSIT was occasionally abnormal when the visual evoked potential(VEP)was normal.In general UPSIT scores correlated well with the H2S-evoked response in controls and patients.For H2S,there was a statistically significant increase of latency and decrease of amplitude for patients compared with controls.Increased H2S latency and reduced UPSIT score correlated with greater disability on conventional rating scales.Overall,H2S responses were abnormal in about one quarter of patients with multiple sclerosis.The sensitivity of UPSIT and OEP was similar although disorder on one test did not necessarily indicate abnormality in the other.The visual evoked potential was found to be a more sensitive indicator of disease than OEP or UPSIT.These findings confirm the existence of olfactory dysfunction in multiple sclerosis and validate a new evoked potential technique. |
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